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Cell Wall
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the middle lambella of cell wall is composed of
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Chemically, peptidoglycan is composed of all of the following except:
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It can never be a chemical component of cell wall:
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Q.6 The fungal cell wall is composed of _______________ while bacterial cell wall contains ______________, respectively.
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All of the following organisms contain peptidoglycan in their cell wall except:
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cell wall is derived from ……….
at the time of cytoplasmic division( cytokinesis) these Golgi vesicles are arranged on the cell equator, fuse together and form a structure called phragmoplast. Later on new cell wall is derived from this structure
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cell wall is secreted by
cell wall is secreted by protoplasm of the cell.
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middle lamella is composed up of
middle lamella is present between primary cell wall and adjacent cell composed up of magnesium and calcium salts( pectin and pectic acid)
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prokaryotic cell wall is made up of
cell wall is found in plants, prokaryotes and fungi Prokaryotes cell wall is made up to peptidoglycan or murein Fungi cell wall is made up of chitin Plant cell wall is made up of cellulose
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Which substance gives secondary cell wall its rigidity ?
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily.
Secondary cell wall is formed between the primary cell wall and plasma membrane only in sclerenchyma cells. The plant cells possessing secondary cell wall are generally dead and provide support for the plant. The secondary cell wall develops only when the cell has reached maximum size i.e completes its growth because it is very much thick and rigid therefore, it does not allow further growth. The secondary cell wall consists of cellulose , hemicelluloses, lignin , inorganic salts and waxes. Its cellulose microfibrils also show criss cross arrangement. Lignin cements and anchors cellulose mircrofibrils together and it is mainly responsible for rigidness
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Bacteria cell is made up of peptidoglycan. Chemical composition of peptidoglycan is carbohydrate chain attached____
Bacteria cell is made up of peptidoglycan. Chemical composition of peptidoglycan is carbohydrate chain attached covalently to short chain of amino acids
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The cell wall of prokaryotic cell (bacterial) is composed of:
The cell wall of a prokaryotic (bacterial) cell is primarily composed of murein, also known as peptidoglycan. This structural component forms a mesh-like network, providing strength and rigidity to the cell wall.
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the thickness of secondary cell wall is about
the secondary cell wall follows the order of primary cell wall in development. it is laid down inside the primary cell wall. its thickness is about 5-10 μm more or less rigid , crystalline and strongly optically active
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the secondary wall follows the order of _________ in development
the secondary wall follows the order of primary wall in development. it is laid down inside the primary wall
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primary cell wall is composed of
primary cell wall is the first wall formed in a developing cell. it is usually 1-3μm in thickness. more or less elastic and extendable , crystalline and optically active. it is composed of cellulose, pectic compounds mostly polysaccharides and hemicellulose
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thickness of primary cell wall is about
primary cell wall is the first wall formed in a developing cell. it is usually 1-3μm in thickness. more or less elastic and extendable , crystalline and optically active
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__________ is the first wall formed in a developing cell
primary wall is the first wall formed in a developing cell The presence of cell wall, though, is not exclusive to plants. Other organisms that have cell walls are algae, fungi, and most prokaryotes. The plant cell wall is different from the cell wall of these organisms in terms of structure and composition.
In plant cells, the cell wall is a tough, rigid structure that may consist of the primary cell wall which is generally a thin, flexible and extensible layer composed of cellulose, pectin and hemicellulose, and a secondary cell wall which is a thick layer rich in lignin that strengthens and waterproofs the wall and is formed inside the primary cell wall that has stopped increasing in surface area when the cell is fully grown. In between the primary walls is a middle lamella which is a pectin-rich intercellular material that glues the adjacent cells together.
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thickness of middle lamella is about
middle lamella cements together the walls of the neighboring cells. it is usually thin and about 1 μm in thickness. in woody tissues the middle lamella is commonly lignified
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the cell walls have ____________ fundamental parts
the cell walls have 3 fundamental parts namely i) middle lamella ii) primary wall iii) secondary wall
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cell wall was discovered earlier than
cell wall was discovered by robert hook in 1665 earlier than protoplast. protoplast is refer to the entire cell excluding cell wall
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Stiffness of secondary cell wall is due to……..
layer of lignin forms secondary wall which provides stiffness to the cell wall
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Arrangment of cell wall from outermost to innermost is……
The cell wall arrangement from outermost to innermost is: Middle Lamella, which glues adjacent cells together; Primary Cell Wall, which is flexible and allows for growth; and Secondary Cell Wall, which provides additional strength and rigidity, often containing lignin.
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the middle lamella of cell wall is composed of
Middle lamella is made up of calcium and magnesium salts of pectin. Pectins are mucopolysaccharides that occur in plant cell walls
Imp to Remember:
Primary wall = celluloseMiddle lamella = pectinSecondary wall = lignin
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polysachharide cellulose is the building material of
Primary cell wall is composed up of cellulose, pectic compounds mostly polysachharides and hemicellulose
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proper arrangement of layers in plant cell from inside to outwards is
All cell walls contain two layers, the middle lamella and the primary cell wall, and many cells produce an additional layer, called the secondary wall. The middle lamella serves as a cementing layer between the primary walls of adjacent cells.
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The Cell wall is secreted by which part
The protoplast—the living part of the cell (cytoplasm plus nucleus)—synthesizes and secretes the materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, etc.) that form the cell wall.
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All are the characteristics of primary cell wall except (kpk)
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Thickness of primary wall is ( kpk )
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The living content of eukaryotic cells are divided into ___ and cytoplasm (kpk)
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In woody tissue __ is lignified ( kpk)
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Cell wall of neighboring cell held together by an intercellular substance ___ (kpk)
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____ is collectively called protoplasm (PUNJAB)
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Primary wall is composed of
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Secondary wall is composed of
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Acording to Robert Hook ce;ll is bounded by ?punjab
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Robert hook reported his work in his famous publication?punjab
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Cell was discovere by robert hooke ?(punjab)
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pectin is made up of ________galactouronic acid
pectin is made up of 200 galactouronic acid
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pectin are soluble in cold is this true?
pectin is soluble in hot water, not cold. When heated, it dissolves and forms a gel, which is why it’s often used in making jams and jellies.
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pectin are soluble in?
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It is secreted by protoplasm which is a combined term for cytoplasm and all it’s organelles
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Which of the following is thickest part of cell wall?
Secondary wall is the thickest with diameter 5-10 micrometer
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The dead part of a cell is
Only Cell wall is the dead part all other are living
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The middle lamella of woody tissues contains
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What is the order of parts of cell wall from outside to inside
It always follow this specific sequence
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Cellulose formation occurs in
Cellulose is present in cell wall however it’s formation occurs in Golgi bodies
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the plant cell wall?
The correct answer is c) Chitin. Chitin is a component of fungal cell walls, not plant cell walls.
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The outermost layer of a plant cell wall is the
The correct answer is c) Middle lamella. It is the outermost layer, separating adjacent cells.
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The primary wall of a plant cell is primarily composed of
The correct answer is a) Cellulose. Cellulose is the major component of the primary wall, providing structural support.
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The cell wall of fungi is primarily composed of
The correct answer is b) Chitin. Chitin is a major component of fungal cell walls.
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The cell wall of plants is primarily composed of
The correct answer is a) Cellulose. Cellulose is the major component of plant cell walls.
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The cell wall of algae is primarily composed of
The correct answer is a) Cellulose. Cellulose is a major component of algal cell walls.
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The cell wall is synthesized by
The correct answer is d) The protoplasm. The protoplasm synthesizes the materials needed for cell wall construction and secretes them outside the cell.
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the outer surface of some cells is covered with non-living , stiff layer called
The outer surface of some cells is covered with non-living , stiff layer called cell wall
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What is the function of the middle lamella
The correct answer is b) Acts as a cementing layer between two daughter cells. The middle lamella holds adjacent cells together.
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The middle lamella is formed during
The correct answer is d) Cytokinesis. The middle lamella is formed during the final stage of cell division, separating the daughter cells
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What happens when the middle lamella dissolves
The correct answer is c) The two adjacent cells separate. When the middle lamella dissolves, the connection between the cells is lost, leading to separation.
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Which of the following statements about the middle lamella is FALSE
The correct answer is d) It is a living structure. The middle lamella is a non-living structure.
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The middle lamella is involved in
The correct answer is b) Cell division. The middle lamella plays a role in separating daughter cells during cytokinesis.
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Middle lamella is mainly made up of
Middle lamella is mainly made up of calcium and magnesium pectates
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The primary cell wall is primarily composed of
The correct answer is d) All of the above. The primary cell wall contains cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose.
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The primary cell wall is synthesized by
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The primary cell wall is thinner and more elastic in
The correct answer is a) Young cells. The primary cell wall is thinner and more flexible in young cells to allow for growth and expansion.
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Plasmodesmata are
The correct answer is a) Channels in the cell wall. Plasmodesmata are channels in the cell wall that allow communication between adjacent cells.
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The crisscross arrangement of cellulose in the primary cell wall
The correct answer is a) Increases the strength of the wall. The crisscross arrangement provides structural support and increases the strength of the cell wall.
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The primary cell wall is involved in
The correct answer is a) Cell growth. The primary cell wall allows for cell growth and expansion.
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The primary cell wall can be further strengthened by the deposition of
The correct answer is d) All of the above. Lignin, suberin, and cutin can be deposited in the cell wall to provide additional strength and rigidity.
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The secondary cell wall is located
The correct answer is c) Between the primary cell wall and the plasma membrane. The secondary cell wall is deposited between the primary wall and the plasma membrane.
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The secondary cell wall is typically found in
The correct answer is c) Dead cells. The secondary cell wall is often deposited after the cell has died, providing structural support.
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The secondary cell wall is primarily composed of
The correct answer is c) Lignin. Lignin is the main component of the secondary cell wall, providing rigidity and strength.
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The secondary cell wall is
The correct answer is b) Thick and rigid. The secondary cell wall is thick and rigid due to the deposition of lignin.
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The secondary cell wall plays a major role in
The correct answer is d) Structural support. The secondary cell wall provides structural support to the plant, especially in tissues like sclerenchyma and xylem.
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The secondary cell wall can be further strengthened by the deposition of
The correct answer is d) All of the above. Suberin, cutin, and waxes can be deposited in the secondary cell wall to provide additional protection and waterproofing.
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The primary function of the cell wall is
The correct answer is c) Protecting and supporting the cell. The cell wall provides mechanical support, gives definite shape, and protects the cell
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The cell wall acts like a
The correct answer is a) Skeletal framework. The cell wall provides structural support, similar to the skeletal framework in animals.
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The cell wall is particularly important in
The cell wall plays a crucial role in providing structural support to vascular plants, especially in transporting water and nutrients.
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The cell wall is
The cell wall is hydrophilic, meaning it can absorb and retain water.
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The cell wall helps in the movement of
The hydrophilic nature of the cell wall allows it to absorb water and solutes, facilitating their movement towards the protoplast.
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The cell wall acts as a
The cell wall is permeable, allowing the passage of water and solutes.
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The most fundamental generalization in biology is
It is the main basis of biology and consists of 3 points.
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The statement omnis cellula e cellula was given by
New cells were formed only by the division of previously existing cells
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—– cells give support to plants
Chlorenchymatous cells carry out photosynthesis. Parenchymatous cells store food. Meristematic cells produce new cells
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Cell wall is secreted by
cytoplasm+all organelles is protoplasm
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Fungal cell wall contains
It contains chitin
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The cellulose fibres are arranged at which angle?
It means cellulose fibres are perpendicular to eachother
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Rigidity in younger parts of plant is provided by
Vacuole maintains turgidity and rigidity
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